The fermentation of carbohydrates in the rumen of the sheep.
نویسنده
چکیده
The majority of workers are agreed that the digestion of carbohydrate in the rumen is brought about by the micro-organisms living there, and furthermore, that the microflora plays a much larger part in these processes than the microfauna, for if the Protozoa are removed by drenching with dilute copper sulphate, the digestive processes continued unhampered (see Van der Wath, 1942). The precise role of the microflora is still a matter of controversy. One school of thought stresses the nutritional importance of the volatile fatty acids found in the rumen, the end-products of the activity of the microflora. This view is typified by the work of Phillipson (1942), Phillipson & McAnally (1942), Barcroft, McAnally & Phillipson (1944 a, b). The opposing view is that the volatile fatty acids are of little nutritional value to the animal, and that it is the microflora itself which is important, serving as a source of carbohydrate, protein and the B group of vitamins. This latter point of view is favoured by Baker who states that' The conclusion has therefore been provisionally drawn that it is the substances synthesized such as microbial protein and polysaccharide, rather than the initial products of decomposition, such as organic acids, that are utilized by the host animal' (Baker, 19426; see also Baker, 1942a). Baker also maintains, on the basis of direct microscopic observation of rumen contents, that the microflora converts the starch and fibre of the diet into bacterial starch. Starch is specified because a number of the rumen micro-organisms stain blue with iodine. It is assumed by Baker, though, never tested experimentally, that these organisms, laden with starch, pass through the fore-stomachs into the small intestine, where the starch is hydrolysed to glucose by the pancreatic and intestinal amylases. It is equally possible that, during the time taken to pass from the rumen to the small intestine, the microorganisms use up their store of polysaccharide by auto-fermentation, with the production of volatile fatty acids.
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The Journal of experimental biology
دوره 22 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1945